IELTS Preparation Series 2, Episode 1: Eye Testing
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hello I'm Margot Politis welcome to study English IELTS preparation where we
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look at the skills you need to write raid speak and listen to formal academic
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English
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in today's episode we're talking about pronouns will also have a quick look at
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homonyms and then take some time to practice using suffixes but first we're
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going to watch a clip about people who suffer from I problems
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the people in this community live far from the city so it's hard for them to
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get medical treatment
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they have no access to specialist at all and they cannot travel because they are
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poor and most of them have cataract and they are blind because of contract which
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is preventable
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you're the resources aren't here really to take care of them
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it would mean a major our people if they got to the stage where they couldn't be
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taken care of here
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they would have to leave the time their friends their family and go somewhere
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where I could be cared for
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which is miles away in remote communities
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the professor is talking about the access of residence in the more
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community
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- I specialists he talks about the residence by using the pronoun they
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pronouns are words that can take the place of nouns their words like I you
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they who or what we can use pronouns in a number of different ways and they take
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several different forms they can act as subjects objects or possessives if we
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look at today
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the subject form is they the object form is them the possessive form is there
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listen to the professor talk about the residence they have no access to
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specialist at all and they cannot travel because they are poor and most of them
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have cataract and they are blind because of contract which is preventable
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here they is used as the subject of the sentence
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did you notice that the subject and verb a great in number
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they're both plural the professor always says they have or they are
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let's listen to the clip once more most of them have contract and they are blind
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the resources and he really to take care of them both the speakers use the
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pronoun then after the preposition of most of them
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take care of them let's see how we can use them with other prepositions we can
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say of them to them by them for them in them on them with them or at them now
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listen for the possessive form of day
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there they would have to leave the home their friends their family and go
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somewhere where I could be cared for
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which is miles away in remote communities
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hear their functions as a possessive adjectives
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it describes ownership there is used to talk about things that belong to the I
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patients the patients homes their homes
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the patient's friends their friends
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the patients families their families
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so there are three forms pronouns take the subject form like they the object
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form them and the possessive form there
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the word there is a homonym homonyms can be words that sound the same but have
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different meanings like they're th a ir and they're th er E
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Julie is talking about their home their friends their family is that th cir or
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th ER e we know from the context that she is talking about ownership who the
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friend's home and family belong to
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so we know which spelling of there she is using th cir their friends their home
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their family
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another example of a set of homonyms is hei E and H AR
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they're both pronounced the same here
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listen for here the resources are really heat to take care of them
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she says the resources aren't really here
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the context tells us that when Julie says here she means in their immediate
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location
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she is using h.e.r.b.i.e the resources aren't really here
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there are two different types of homonyms the ones we've looked at so far
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are called homophones because they sound the same
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even though they are spelt differently some other examples of homophones our
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site and site sale and sail fair and fair and through and through
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so homophones are words that are spelled differently that sound the same
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another type of ha - is a homograph homographs are words that are spelled
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the same but in different contexts the word will be pronounced differently some
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common examples are read and red wine and wind live and live
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let's try
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exercise about homographs how would you pronounce the word in bold
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she read the instructions carefully
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we've already seen how some words are pronounced differently depending on
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their context and function and when we looked at they them and there we saw how
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the form of some words will change depending on the context and function
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another way that words can change is by adding suffixes suffixes can be used to
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create a new word with a new function and meaning
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first listen for the suffix double they have no access to specialist at all and
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they cannot travel because they are poor and most of them have cataract and they
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are blind because of contract which is preventable
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cataracts are preventable by adding the suffix double to the verb prevent we
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formed the adjective preventable meaning able to be prevented
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we can add the suffix double to a number of other words to form similar
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adjectives for example raid becomes ratable count becomes countable and
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recognized becomes recognizable
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there are many other common suffixes in English learning suffixes is a quick way
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to expand your vocabulary
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let's take a look at two other common suffixes east and ism we can use east
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when we talk about the people who do certain jobs
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so you could be a journalist a chemist a geologist or a psychologist
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we use the suffix ism to talk about beliefs ideologies or movements for
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example Buddhism modernism realism or marxism and the people who believe these
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ideas can sometimes be described by adding the East suffix
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so we get Buddhist modernist realist or Marxist so
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let's take a look back over what we've learned today we've looked at how words
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change according to their function and context
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first we've looked at pronouns and the different forms they take subject object
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and possessive
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then we talked about homonyms and the two different sorts , phones and
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homographs and we finish today with a few different suffixes of all ism and
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east
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if you'd like to spend more time on any of these topics have a look at the study
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English website
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it's at ABC asia-pacific . com / study English
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that's all for today I'll see you next time for more study English IELTS
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preparation
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bye-bye
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yeah
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yeah
