IELTS Preparation Series 2, Episode 1: Eye Testing

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hello I'm Margot Politis welcome to study English IELTS preparation where we

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look at the skills you need to write raid speak and listen to formal academic

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English

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in today's episode we're talking about pronouns will also have a quick look at

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homonyms and then take some time to practice using suffixes but first we're

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going to watch a clip about people who suffer from I problems

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the people in this community live far from the city so it's hard for them to

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get medical treatment

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they have no access to specialist at all and they cannot travel because they are

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poor and most of them have cataract and they are blind because of contract which

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is preventable

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you're the resources aren't here really to take care of them

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it would mean a major our people if they got to the stage where they couldn't be

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taken care of here

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they would have to leave the time their friends their family and go somewhere

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where I could be cared for

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which is miles away in remote communities

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the professor is talking about the access of residence in the more

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community

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- I specialists he talks about the residence by using the pronoun they

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pronouns are words that can take the place of nouns their words like I you

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they who or what we can use pronouns in a number of different ways and they take

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several different forms they can act as subjects objects or possessives if we

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look at today

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the subject form is they the object form is them the possessive form is there

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listen to the professor talk about the residence they have no access to

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specialist at all and they cannot travel because they are poor and most of them

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have cataract and they are blind because of contract which is preventable

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here they is used as the subject of the sentence

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did you notice that the subject and verb a great in number

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they're both plural the professor always says they have or they are

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let's listen to the clip once more most of them have contract and they are blind

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the resources and he really to take care of them both the speakers use the

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pronoun then after the preposition of most of them

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take care of them let's see how we can use them with other prepositions we can

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say of them to them by them for them in them on them with them or at them now

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listen for the possessive form of day

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there they would have to leave the home their friends their family and go

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somewhere where I could be cared for

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which is miles away in remote communities

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hear their functions as a possessive adjectives

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it describes ownership there is used to talk about things that belong to the I

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patients the patients homes their homes

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the patient's friends their friends

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the patients families their families

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so there are three forms pronouns take the subject form like they the object

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form them and the possessive form there

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the word there is a homonym homonyms can be words that sound the same but have

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different meanings like they're th a ir and they're th er E

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Julie is talking about their home their friends their family is that th cir or

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th ER e we know from the context that she is talking about ownership who the

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friend's home and family belong to

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so we know which spelling of there she is using th cir their friends their home

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their family

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another example of a set of homonyms is hei E and H AR

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they're both pronounced the same here

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listen for here the resources are really heat to take care of them

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she says the resources aren't really here

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the context tells us that when Julie says here she means in their immediate

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location

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she is using h.e.r.b.i.e the resources aren't really here

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there are two different types of homonyms the ones we've looked at so far

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are called homophones because they sound the same

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even though they are spelt differently some other examples of homophones our

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site and site sale and sail fair and fair and through and through

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so homophones are words that are spelled differently that sound the same

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another type of ha - is a homograph homographs are words that are spelled

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the same but in different contexts the word will be pronounced differently some

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common examples are read and red wine and wind live and live

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let's try

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exercise about homographs how would you pronounce the word in bold

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she read the instructions carefully

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we've already seen how some words are pronounced differently depending on

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their context and function and when we looked at they them and there we saw how

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the form of some words will change depending on the context and function

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another way that words can change is by adding suffixes suffixes can be used to

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create a new word with a new function and meaning

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first listen for the suffix double they have no access to specialist at all and

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they cannot travel because they are poor and most of them have cataract and they

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are blind because of contract which is preventable

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cataracts are preventable by adding the suffix double to the verb prevent we

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formed the adjective preventable meaning able to be prevented

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we can add the suffix double to a number of other words to form similar

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adjectives for example raid becomes ratable count becomes countable and

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recognized becomes recognizable

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there are many other common suffixes in English learning suffixes is a quick way

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to expand your vocabulary

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let's take a look at two other common suffixes east and ism we can use east

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when we talk about the people who do certain jobs

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so you could be a journalist a chemist a geologist or a psychologist

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we use the suffix ism to talk about beliefs ideologies or movements for

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example Buddhism modernism realism or marxism and the people who believe these

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ideas can sometimes be described by adding the East suffix

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so we get Buddhist modernist realist or Marxist so

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let's take a look back over what we've learned today we've looked at how words

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change according to their function and context

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first we've looked at pronouns and the different forms they take subject object

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and possessive

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then we talked about homonyms and the two different sorts , phones and

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homographs and we finish today with a few different suffixes of all ism and

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east

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if you'd like to spend more time on any of these topics have a look at the study

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English website

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it's at ABC asia-pacific . com / study English

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that's all for today I'll see you next time for more study English IELTS

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preparation

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bye-bye

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yeah

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yeah

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