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IELTS Preparation Series 3, Episode 25: Grammar Checklist


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0:02

Hello,

0:12

and welcome to Study English, IELTS Preparation. I'm Margot Politis.

0:18

Today we'll look at some aspects of grammar and spelling that often cause problems. Concentrating

0:24

on these areas will help reduce the number of mistakes you might make and improve your

0:29

score. First, let's listen to this man:

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I'm Andrew Mac. I'm the director of City Lights project. It's an arts project that focuses

0:37

on art in public spaces. We're here in Hosier lane. It's right in the middle of Melbourne

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city.

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One of the areas to be aware of is agreement. The noun has to agree with the verb in number

0:49

and person.

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He said: 'It's an arts project which focuses on art in public spaces'.

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The arts project is singular - it's one thing. It's also in the third person. So you have

1:05

to use the third person singular form of the verb 'focus' - focuses. Listen:

1:11

It's an arts project that focuses on art in public spaces.

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Now let's look at subject-verb agreement. When you use the first person - I - you don't

1:22

add an 's' to the verb. He says 'I think'. Listen:

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I think what's great about these lanes is that it's, it actually makes the lanes intimate

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and it invites you in.

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'It' is third person singular, so he adds an 's' to invite and says 'invites':

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I think what's great about these lanes is that it's, it actually makes the lanes intimate

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and it invites you in.

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In the next clip, listen for the form of the verb used with the second person - 'you' and

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the third person plural - 'they':

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You see a lot of really interesting uses of the street. Strangely enough people come to

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shoot weddings here on the weekends. Sometimes there will be up to 5 or 6 weddings. They

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line up for a particular spot. School groups come here. They go to the national gallery

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and then for contrast the teachers bring them to this street.

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He says 'you see'. You is the second person, which, like the first person, agrees with

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the base form of the verb in the present tense - see. Listen:

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You see a lot of really interesting uses of the street.

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You use the base form of the verb with a third person plural as well, so he says 'they line

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up' and 'they go': Sometimes there will be up to 5 or 6 weddings.

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They line up for a particular spot. School groups come here. They go to the national

2:48

gallery and then for contrast the teachers bring them to this street.

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What form of the verb 'to be' - is or are - is used in the next examples?

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It's important because there are so few avenues for free speech and increasingly we're clamped

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down on - there are so many rules and regulations about what you can and can't do in a city.

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there are so few avenues there are so many rules

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You use 'are' with plural subjects and 'is' with singular subjects.

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There are many rules. There is one rule.

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What about have or has? Listen:

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A lot of cities have chosen a zero tolerance approach to graffiti. Sydney has the opposite

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approach to Melbourne where there is some tolerance here for what happens. There are

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at least 8 streets here in the CBD that are like this one and they've all grown organically.

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Usually they have somebody like me involved in the street who helps to kind of facilitate

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what goes on. Melbourne has grown to really love the graffiti.

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Cities is plural, so he uses have - 'cities have'. But Sydney is singular, so he uses