IELTS Preparation Series 1, Episode 9: ADHD
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Hello. I'm Margot Politis. Welcome to Study English, IELTS preparation.
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Today we're going to talk about acronyms, abbreviations and names, and then we'll do
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a bit of vocabulary building as well.
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The boy in today's clip is about to have a test to see whether he has Attention Deficit
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Hyperactivity Disorder, or ADHD.
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While you're watching, listen for some other abbreviations.
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How do you know if your child does have ADHD? An EEG brain scan helps answer that, say the
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Swinburne researchers.
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Jacques Duff is a psychologist and one of Richard's PhD students. A computer programme
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will compare Xavier's brain scan with a database of scans of ADHD sufferers. If he does have
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the condition, the ADHD diagnosis will be automatically triggered.
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Xavier was having a test to see if he has ADHD.
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ADHD is an abbreviation.
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An abbreviation is the short form of a phrase or a word.
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We often abbreviate phrases using the first letter of each word.
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Notice that you use capitals letters for these types of abbreviations.
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ADHD stands for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. ADHD is much quicker and easier
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to say, and to write.
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You might recognise some of these common abbreviations:
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UFO stands for Unidentified Flying Object
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ASAP means As Soon As Possible
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Other common abbreviations are:
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PC, Personal Computer
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TV for Television
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and CD-ROM - that's a Compact Disc with a Read Only Memory!
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Notice that each letter in the abbreviation is pronounced separately, but the last letter
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is pronounced more strongly because it carries the primary stress.
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So we say USA, ASAP, ABC, and TV.
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Listen for another abbreviation here.
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Jacques Duff is a psychologist and one of Richard's PhD students.
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Jacques Duff is one of Richard's PhD students.
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PhD stands for Doctor of Philosophy.
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Another abbreviation you'll recognise is IELTS.
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IELTS stands for International English Language Testing System.
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This form of abbreviation is called an acronym. With an acronym, we don't pronounce the individual
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letters, we pronounce it as a word.
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So we say IELTS, not I - E - L - T - S.
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Some other examples of acronyms are:
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AIDS, that's Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
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and RAM, Random Access Memory
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Another example is ASEAN - that stands for the Association of South East Asian Nations.
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There's one more common shortening in today's story. Listen for whether it's an abbreviation
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or an acronym.
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An EEG brain scan helps answer that, say the Swinburne researchers.
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He says an EEG. That's an abbreviation. We don't pronounce it eeg, we say E-E-G.
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EEG stands for Electro-Encephalograph.
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That's a type of brain scan, but you can see why we shorten it to EEG.
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Notice that in formal academic writing, it's necessary to write out an abbreviation in
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