How to Ask Questions: HOW LONG, HOW MUCH...
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Hi there. My name is Emma,
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and in today's video I am going to teach you a very, very important grammar point.
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I'm going to teach you about a mistake many, many students make.
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So I don't want you to make this mistake, so let's get started. In this video I am going
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to teach you the difference between
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"How long", "How long time", "How much time" and "How many times".
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Students often confuse these four expressions. So let's look at some of the differences.
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So I have here a question. I actually have three different sentences, here. One of them
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is right, two of them are wrong. Okay? So let's look at these together. The first one:
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"How long time have you been here?"
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The second one: "How long have you been here?"
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And the third one: "How many time have you been here?"
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So one of these is correct. Which one do you think is right?
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If you said: "How long time have you been here?" that's incorrect. This
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one, it's wrong. Number two: "How long have you been here?" If you said this one, you
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are correct. This is right. What about the last one? "How many time have you been here?"
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This one is also wrong, but we can make it right if we add an "s". So let's go over each
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of these so you can find out why some of these are wrong, and why some of them are right.
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To get started, let's look at "How long". So when we ask somebody: "How long...?" we
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are asking them about time. Okay? We want to know the amount of time for something.
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So, for example: "How long have you been here?" I want to know, maybe, how many minutes. Or
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maybe I want to know how many hours you've been here. Okay? If I ask you:
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"How long have you lived in England?"
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an answer would be a number that has to do with time. You might
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say: "Five years.", "Four weeks.", "Two months." Okay? So when we ask: "How long...?" the answer
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and what we want to know is about time; minutes, hours, days, months, weeks, years. Okay?
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So let's look at another example. "How long have you lived in Spain?" The answer is going
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to be something about time. "Three years." Okay? You'll notice not always, but many times
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we use: "How long" with the present perfect. It's possible to use it with the past tense,
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the simple past, and also the future, but you will often see it with the present perfect.
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"How long have you been married?", "How long have you worked here?",
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"How long have you studied English?"
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Okay? So a lot of the questions you probably want to ask somebody, you're
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probably going to use: "How long have you...?" Okay? Very common way we ask questions.
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So, what about: "How long time"? Can I say that also? Can I say:
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"How long time have you lived in Spain?"
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or: "How long time did you sleep on the plane?"
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No. If you're asking
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how long, you don't need the word "time". Okay? We never say in English: "How long time".
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Many students say: "How long time", but this is not correct. The correct expression: "How long".
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Not: "How long time". All right, so now let's look at "How much time" and "How many times".
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Okay, so we've talked about "How long", which is good, "How long time", which is bad. Now
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let's look at: "How much time...?" I think this is why many students get confused. I
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think they confuse: "How long" and "How much time", and they... As a result, they create:
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"How long time", which is incorrect.