"I stopped smoking" or "I stopped to smoke"?

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hi there my name is Emma and in today's lesson we're going to look at a very

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common mistake

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ESL students make we're going to look at

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I when you have the verb stopped and it's followed by either an infinitive or

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a German and ok so before i explain what all of this means i just like to thank

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say thank you to charles from Venezuela for suggesting this of video on facebook

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ok so shadow to Charles alright so let's get started so first of all what is an

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infinitive

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well we're talking about when we have two verbs

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so we have a verb 1 ok we have a second verb verb to we have a subject I and

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then we have to

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so if you were thinking of English as a mathematical formula

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it would be subject plus the first verb in this case stopped plus 2 plus the

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second verb

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ok so this is what is known as the infinitive now down here i have what's

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known as a gerund

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so a gerund is we have the subject

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we have the first verb just like above and we have a second verb but what

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you'll notice first of all there's no -

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and secondly we have ing so with gerunds and infinitives what we're talking about

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is you have two verbs

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sometimes a verb the first verb is followed by a second verb with ing and

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sometimes it's followed with a two and a second verb

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ok so we're going to look at just one verb in this video

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stop

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because if we use the infinitive or if we use the gerund it changes the meaning

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so let's get started I have a sentence here

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I stopped to talk so what does this mean

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well I have my friend Bob here ok now i'm just going to move over here

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i'm walking down the street that's my first action i'm walking and I stopped

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so first action in this case I was walking second action

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I stopped so i stopped walking and third action as a hi Bob

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so I talk ok so when you stop to do something

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it's more than a single action you're doing something you stop what you're

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doing and then you do the second action

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ok so we'll go over some more examples with this

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now I'd like to compare this to I stopped talking

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ok so the same words the only difference is here we have two here we have ing now

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what does this sentence mean I stopped talking

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it means i was talking and then I stopped

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I'm not talking anymore so no talking

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ok so let's look at some more examples to understand the difference between

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these two sentences

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ok so I now have the sentence

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I stopped to smoke do you think this is an example of an infinitive or a gerund

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well if you notice we have to this is our hint

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we're looking at the infinitive so we have our subject

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I our first verb stopped too

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and our second verb smoke ok so what does this mean i stopped to smoke

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well it means there's a first action

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we don't know exactly what the first action is maybe somebody's walking maybe

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somebody's working so we're just going to guess at this point will say the

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first action is somebody is walking

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ok the second action is

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they stopped walking and the third action is they do this to smoke so it's

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three actions

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you're doing something you stop doing it and then the reason you stopped doing it

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is for this purpose for the third one so I walk I thought walking and I smoke

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this means i stopped to smoke

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ok so this is different than I stopped smoking

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so this is an example of the gerund we have our ing you'll notice the subject

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I the first verb stopped and the second verb smoking

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ing is key here

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ok so what is the first action

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we don't know what the first action is or we do sorry

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the first action is smoking

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ok so the first action is what you were originally doing the second action is no

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smoking

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so you stop smoking

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ok ok so in this case can draw a picture of a cigarette

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if I say I stopped smoking

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I don't do this anymore ok so i used to but not anymore so i have two more

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examples

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I want you to try to do this one on your own

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I stopped to ask for directions

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ok so if you're having trouble think what is the first action

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what is the second action and what's the third action I stopped to ask for

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directions

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ok so the first action may be so take a second maybe you're driving

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ok we commonly see this one we're driving or you could be walking the

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first action second action

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you stopped the first action and then the third action in this case you ask

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for directions

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okay what about the second sentence

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I stopped asking for directions what does this mean

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well in this case we have our first action and our second action

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the first action is you used to ask for directions

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so used to maybe I go up to people and say where is the store where is the

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library but now you don't ask for directions anymore

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you've stopped asking for directions ok so we could use stop with many different

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examples

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I stopped to eat meaning i stopped what I was doing and then I started to eat

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or we can say I stopped eating meaning I used to eat but now I don't

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and so I'm not suggesting anyone stop eating

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I hope you stop to eat and you don't stop eating

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ok so again very simple way I sorry very simple sentence but one that's very easy

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to mix up and to confuse now I've had a lot of students tell me that they've had

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these types of questions on different tests so be aware that this might be a

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way

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your grammar teacher or your ESL teacher might want to try to trick you on a test

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they might use a question like this to see if you know your gerunds and your

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infinitives ok so i invite you to come visit our website at www.engvid.com

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we will have a whole bunch of a will have more examples of this in our test

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so you can see if you really understand the difference between stopped with

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infinitive and stop with the gerund

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ok so until next time take care

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